What Should Be Done about Conditionality?

 The Historical Critique of Conditionality
The academic and political debate on the merits and nature of conditionality in official development assistance (ODA) was particularly intense in the 1980s and 1990s, when adjustment programmes were proliferating, whether sponsored by the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank or bilateral aid. The debate on structural adjustment programmes was particularly lively. CERDI and FERDI contributed to this debate through numerous reports and publications, either of a general nature or applied to specific African countries, notably on the possibility of moving from instrument-based conditionality to results-based conditionality, which will be discussed below.